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252 lines
13 KiB
//po4a: entry man manual |
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Copyright (c) 1983, 1990, 1993 |
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The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. |
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Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
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modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions |
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are met: |
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1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright |
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notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. |
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2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright |
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notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the |
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documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. |
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3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software |
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must display the following acknowledgement: |
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This product includes software developed by the University of |
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California, Berkeley and its contributors. |
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4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors |
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may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software |
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without specific prior written permission. |
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THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND |
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ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE |
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IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE |
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ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE |
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FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL |
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DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS |
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OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) |
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HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT |
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LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY |
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OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF |
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SUCH DAMAGE. |
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@(#)logger.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 |
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//// |
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= logger(1) |
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:doctype: manpage |
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:man manual: User Commands |
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:man source: util-linux {release-version} |
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:page-layout: base |
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:command: logger |
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== NAME |
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logger - enter messages into the system log |
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== SYNOPSIS |
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*logger* [options] _message_ |
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== DESCRIPTION |
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*logger* makes entries in the system log. |
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When the optional _message_ argument is present, it is written to the log. If it is not present, and the *-f* option is not given either, then standard input is logged. |
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== OPTIONS |
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*-d*, *--udp*:: |
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Use datagrams (UDP) only. By default the connection is tried to the syslog port defined in _/etc/services_, which is often 514. |
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+ |
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See also *--server* and *--socket* to specify where to connect. |
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*-e*, *--skip-empty*:: |
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Ignore empty lines when processing files. An empty line is defined to be a line without any characters. Thus a line consisting only of whitespace is NOT considered empty. Note that when the *--prio-prefix* option is specified, the priority is not part of the line. Thus an empty line in this mode is a line that does not have any characters after the priority prefix (e.g., *<13>*). |
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*-f*, *--file* _file_:: |
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Log the contents of the specified _file_. This option cannot be combined with a command-line message. |
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*-i*:: |
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Log the PID of the *logger* process with each line. |
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*--id*[**=**__id__]:: |
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Log the PID of the *logger* process with each line. When the optional argument _id_ is specified, then it is used instead of the *logger* command's PID. The use of *--id=$$* (PPID) is recommended in scripts that send several messages. |
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+ |
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Note that the system logging infrastructure (for example *systemd* when listening on _/dev/log_) may follow local socket credentials to overwrite the PID specified in the message. *logger*(1) is able to set those socket credentials to the given _id_, but only if you have root permissions and a process with the specified PID exists, otherwise the socket credentials are not modified and the problem is silently ignored. |
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*--journald*[**=**__file__]:: |
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Write a *systemd* journal entry. The entry is read from the given _file_, when specified, otherwise from standard input. Each line must begin with a field that is accepted by *journald*; see *systemd.journal-fields*(7) for details. The use of a MESSAGE_ID field is generally a good idea, as it makes finding entries easy. Examples: |
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____ |
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logger --journald <<end |
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MESSAGE_ID=67feb6ffbaf24c5cbec13c008dd72309 |
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MESSAGE=The dogs bark, but the caravan goes on. |
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DOGS=bark |
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CARAVAN=goes on |
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end |
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logger --journald=entry.txt |
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____ |
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Notice that *--journald* will ignore values of other options, such as priority. If priority is needed it must be within input, and use PRIORITY field. The simple execution of *journalctl*(1) will display MESSAGE field. Use *journalctl --output json-pretty* to see rest of the fields. |
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To include newlines in MESSAGE, specify MESSAGE several times. This is handled as a special case, other fields will be stored as an array in the journal if they appear multiple times. |
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*--msgid* _msgid_:: |
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Sets the link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5424[RFC 5424] MSGID field. Note that the space character is not permitted inside of _msgid_. This option is only used if *--rfc5424* is specified as well; otherwise, it is silently ignored. |
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*-n*, *--server* _server_:: |
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Write to the specified remote syslog _server_ instead of to the system log socket. Unless *--udp* or *--tcp* is specified, *logger* will first try to use UDP, but if this fails a TCP connection is attempted. |
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*--no-act*:: |
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Causes everything to be done except for writing the log message to the system log, and removing the connection to the journal. This option can be used together with *--stderr* for testing purposes. |
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*--octet-count*:: |
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Use the link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6587[RFC 6587] octet counting framing method for sending messages. When this option is not used, the default is no framing on UDP, and RFC6587 non-transparent framing (also known as octet stuffing) on TCP. |
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*-P*, *--port* _port_:: |
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Use the specified _port_. When this option is not specified, the port defaults to *syslog* for udp and to *syslog-conn* for tcp connections. |
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*-p*, *--priority* _priority_:: |
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Enter the message into the log with the specified _priority_. The priority may be specified numerically or as a _facility_._level_ pair. For example, *-p local3.info* logs the message as informational in the local3 facility. The default is *user.notice*. |
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*--prio-prefix*:: |
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Look for a syslog prefix on every line read from standard input. This prefix is a decimal number within angle brackets that encodes both the facility and the level. The number is constructed by multiplying the facility by 8 and then adding the level. For example, *local0.info*, meaning facility=16 and level=6, becomes *<134>*. |
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If the prefix contains no facility, the facility defaults to what is specified by the *-p* option. Similarly, if no prefix is provided, the line is logged using the _priority_ given with *-p*. |
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This option doesn't affect a command-line message. |
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*--rfc3164*:: |
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Use the link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3164[RFC 3164] BSD syslog protocol to submit messages to a remote server. |
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*--rfc5424*[**=**__without__]:: |
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Use the link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5424[RFC 5424] syslog protocol to submit messages to a remote server. The optional _without_ argument can be a comma-separated list of the following values: *notq*, *notime*, *nohost*. |
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The *notq* value suppresses the time-quality structured data from the submitted message. The time-quality information shows whether the local clock was synchronized plus the maximum number of microseconds the timestamp might be off. The time quality is also automatically suppressed when *--sd-id timeQuality* is specified. |
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The *notime* value (which implies *notq*) suppresses the complete sender timestamp that is in ISO-8601 format, including microseconds and timezone. |
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The *nohost* value suppresses *gethostname*(2) information from the message header. |
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The RFC 5424 protocol has been the default for *logger* since version 2.26. |
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*-s*, *--stderr*:: |
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Output the message to standard error as well as to the system log. |
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*--sd-id* _name_[**@**__digits__]:: |
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Specifies a structured data element ID for an RFC 5424 message header. The option has to be used before *--sd-param* to introduce a new element. The number of structured data elements is unlimited. The ID (_name_ plus possibly **@**__digits__) is case-sensitive and uniquely identifies the type and purpose of the element. The same ID must not exist more than once in a message. The **@**__digits__ part is required for user-defined non-standardized IDs. |
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*logger* currently generates the *timeQuality* standardized element only. RFC 5424 also describes the elements *origin* (with parameters *ip*, *enterpriseId*, *software* and *swVersion*) and *meta* (with parameters *sequenceId*, *sysUpTime* and *language*). These element IDs may be specified without the **@**__digits__ suffix. |
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*--sd-param* _name_=_value_:: |
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Specifies a structured data element parameter, a name and value pair. The option has to be used after *--sd-id* and may be specified more than once for the same element. Note that the quotation marks around _value_ are required and must be escaped on the command line. |
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.... |
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logger --rfc5424 --sd-id zoo@123 \ |
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--sd-param tiger="hungry" \ |
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--sd-param zebra="running" \ |
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--sd-id manager@123 \ |
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--sd-param onMeeting="yes" \ |
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"this is message" |
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.... |
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produces: |
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*<13>1 2015-10-01T14:07:59.168662+02:00 ws kzak - - [timeQuality tzKnown="1" isSynced="1" syncAccuracy="218616"][zoo@123 tiger="hungry" zebra="running"][manager@123 onMeeting="yes"] this is message* |
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*-S*, *--size* _size_:: |
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Sets the maximum permitted message size to _size_. The default is 1KiB characters, which is the limit traditionally used and specified in RFC 3164. With RFC 5424, this limit has become flexible. A good assumption is that RFC 5424 receivers can at least process 4KiB messages. |
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Most receivers accept messages larger than 1KiB over any type of syslog protocol. As such, the *--size* option affects *logger* in all cases (not only when *--rfc5424* was used). |
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Note: the message-size limit limits the overall message size, including the syslog header. Header sizes vary depending on the selected options and the hostname length. As a rule of thumb, headers are usually not longer than 50 to 80 characters. When selecting a maximum message size, it is important to ensure that the receiver supports the max size as well, otherwise messages may become truncated. Again, as a rule of thumb two to four KiB message size should generally be OK, whereas anything larger should be verified to work. |
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*--socket-errors*[**=**__mode__]:: |
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Print errors about Unix socket connections. The _mode_ can be a value of *off*, *on*, or *auto*. When the mode is *auto*, then *logger* will detect if the init process is *systemd*(1), and if so assumption is made _/dev/log_ can be used early at boot. Other init systems lack of _/dev/log_ will not cause errors that is identical with messaging using *openlog*(3) system call. The *logger*(1) before version 2.26 used *openlog*(3), and hence was unable to detected loss of messages sent to Unix sockets. |
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The default mode is *auto*. When errors are not enabled lost messages are not communicated and will result to successful exit status of *logger*(1) invocation. |
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*-T*, *--tcp*:: |
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Use stream (TCP) only. By default the connection is tried to the _syslog-conn_ port defined in _/etc/services_, which is often _601_. |
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See also *--server* and *--socket* to specify where to connect. |
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*-t*, *--tag* _tag_:: |
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Mark every line to be logged with the specified _tag_. The default tag is the name of the user logged in on the terminal (or a user name based on effective user ID). |
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*-u*, *--socket* _socket_:: |
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Write to the specified _socket_ instead of to the system log socket. |
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*--*:: |
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End the argument list. This allows the _message_ to start with a hyphen (-). |
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include::man-common/help-version.adoc[] |
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== EXIT STATUS |
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The *logger* utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs. |
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== FACILITIES AND LEVELS |
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Valid facility names are: |
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*auth* + |
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*authpriv* for security information of a sensitive nature + |
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*cron* + |
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*daemon* + |
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*ftp* + |
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*kern* cannot be generated from userspace process, automatically converted to *user* + |
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*lpr* + |
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*mail* + |
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*news* + |
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*syslog* + |
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*user* + |
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*uucp* + |
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*local0* + |
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to + |
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*local7* + |
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*security* deprecated synonym for *auth* |
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Valid level names are: |
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*emerg* + |
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*alert* + |
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*crit* + |
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*err* + |
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*warning* + |
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*notice* + |
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*info* + |
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*debug* + |
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*panic* deprecated synonym for *emerg* + |
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*error* deprecated synonym for *err* + |
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*warn* deprecated synonym for *warning* + |
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For the priority order and intended purposes of these facilities and levels, see *syslog*(3). |
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== CONFORMING TO |
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The *logger* command is expected to be IEEE Std 1003.2 ("POSIX.2") compatible. |
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== EXAMPLES |
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*logger System rebooted* *logger -p local0.notice -t HOSTIDM -f /dev/idmc* *logger -n loghost.example.com System rebooted* |
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== AUTHORS |
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The *logger* command was originally written by University of California in 1983-1993 and later rewritten by mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak], mailto:rgerhards@adiscon.com[Rainer Gerhards], and mailto:kerolasa@iki.fi[Sami Kerola]. |
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== SEE ALSO |
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*journalctl*(1), |
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*syslog*(3), |
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*systemd.journal-fields*(7) |
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include::man-common/bugreports.adoc[] |
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include::man-common/footer.adoc[] |
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ifdef::translation[] |
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include::man-common/translation.adoc[] |
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endif::[]
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